The Arthashastra, probably compiled round one hundred AD , and the Manusmriti (c. 100–300 AD) had been foundational treatises in India, and comprise texts thought-about authoritative authorized steerage. Manu’s central philosophy was tolerance and pluralism, and was cited throughout Southeast Asia. During the Muslim conquests within the Indian subcontinent, sharia was established by the Muslim sultanates and empires, most notably Mughal Empire’s Fatawa-e-Alamgiri, compiled by emperor Aurangzeb and various students of Islam. In India, the Hindu legal custom, along with Islamic law, had been both supplanted by frequent law when India turned part of the British Empire. Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore and Hong Kong also adopted the common law system.
John Locke, in his Two Treatises of Government, and Baron de Montesquieu in The Spirit of the Laws, advocated for a separation of powers between the political, legislature and government bodies. Their precept was that no individual ought to be capable …

